Fern life cycle.

  1. Sporangia release spores.

  2. Spore develops into a small, bisexual, photosynthetic gametophyte.

  3. Gametophyte produces sperm in antheridia and eggs in archegonia.

  4. Sperm swim to eggs in archegonia.

  5. Zygote develops into large sporophyte.

  6. Clusters of sporangia form in sori.

Review and exercise: